Bhutan at a Glance

Geography & Regions

Bhutan is a small kingdom, but its landscape is remarkably diverse. Stretching from the subtropical plains in the south to the snow-covered Himalayas in the north, Bhutan is a land of dramatic elevation and rich cultural regions. Each region of Bhutan offers a unique experience shaped by geography, tradition, and lifestyle.

To help travellers explore Bhutan meaningfully, the country can be divided into four main regions:

Western Bhutan: Culture & Capitals

Main Destinations: Thimphu, Paro, Punakha

Western Bhutan is the most accessible and visited region, home to the country’s only international airport in Paro and the capital city, Thimphu. It’s where traditional Bhutanese culture meets the rhythms of modern life. Visitors can explore historic dzongs, hike to cliff-side monasteries, and enjoy lively local markets.

• Thimphu: Bhutan’s capital city blends ancient traditions with a modern twist—no traffic lights, but plenty of charm.
• Paro: Known for the iconic Tiger’s Nest Monastery and beautiful valley landscapes.
• Punakha: Bhutan’s former capital, known for its riverside fortress and spiritual ambiance.

Central Bhutan: The Spiritual Heartland

Main Destinations: Trongsa, Bumthang

Central Bhutan is revered as the cultural and spiritual core of the nation. This region is less frequented by tourists, offering a quieter, more immersive experience. Rolling hills, sacred temples, and peaceful valleys define the area.

• Trongsa: A strategically located town with a magnificent dzong overlooking deep gorges—once a seat of Bhutanese royalty.

• Bumthang: Comprising four valleys (Chokhor, Tang, Ura, and Chhume), it is considered the most sacred region in Bhutan, filled with monasteries and legends. 

Eastern Bhutan: Hidden Traditions & Remote Beauty

Main Destinations: Lhuentse, Trashiyangtse, Trashigang

Eastern Bhutan remains off-the-beaten-path, rich in cultural diversity and traditional lifestyles. The region is known for its handwoven textiles, deeply spiritual communities, and dramatic mountain landscapes.

• Lhuentse: Ancestral home of Bhutan’s royal family and famous for exquisite kushutara weaving.
• Trashiyangtse: A quiet town known for its woodcrafts, paper-making, and the sacred Chorten Kora stupa.
• Trashigang: Eastern Bhutan’s largest town and a cultural hub with a grand dzong and vibrant festivals.

Southern Bhutan: Trade Gateways & Tropical Biodiversity

Main Destination: Chhukha

Southern Bhutan borders India and features subtropical plains, diverse flora and fauna, and bustling trade towns. This region is Bhutan’s commercial lifeline, offering a unique blend of cultures and nature.

• Chhukha: Known for its hydropower project and scenic routes, it also serves as a connector between Thimphu and southern districts.
• Phuentsholing: Bhutan’s busiest border town and a major entry point for land travelers from India.

Weather & Climate

Bhutan’s climate is as diverse as its landscape, shaped by dramatic variations in altitude—from subtropical plains to towering Himalayan peaks. This geographic diversity gives rise to distinct regional weather patterns throughout the year. 

Southern Bhutan experiences a subtropical climate, with hot, humid summers where temperatures can climb up to 30°C (86°F), especially during the monsoon season (June to September) when heavy rainfall is common. Winters here are mild and pleasant, making it a year-round destination.

Central Bhutan, home to valleys like Thimphu and Punakha, enjoys a temperate climate. Summers are cool and comfortable, typically ranging from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F), while winters can be quite chilly, with occasional frost but generally drier skies. 

Northern Bhutan, with its high-altitude Himalayan terrain, has an alpine climate. Summers are brief and mild, with temperatures between 10°C to 15°C (50°F to 59°F). Winters are harsh and snowy, with temperatures frequently dipping below freezing—perfect for snow-capped vistas and adventure seekers.

Seasons

Bhutan experiences four distinct seasons: spring (March to May), summer (June to August), autumn (September to November), and winter (December to February). The country’s diverse topography, ranging from subtropical southern plains to the towering Himalayan peaks, creates a wide range of climatic conditions influenced by the monsoons from northern India.

Summer (June to August)

Summer in Bhutan brings lush greenery and vibrant paddy fields, thanks to the monsoons from June to September. The southern regions experience the highest rainfall, with flash floods occasionally impacting rural areas. Despite this, summer remains an excellent time to enjoy the country's natural beauty, with cooler temperatures at higher altitudes. During summer, Haa Festival, a cultural celebration in the Haa Valley, showcases the Bhutanese way of life, including traditional cuisine and games is celebrated. For adventurous travellers, they can take advantage of Bhutan’s stunning trekking trails, surrounded by verdant landscapes and cascading waterfalls during this time of the year.

Autumn (September to November)

Autumn is one of the most popular seasons for visiting Bhutan. With clear skies and moderate temperatures, it’s ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities. Early snowfall may begin in the northern mountains, while festivals bring a burst of colour and celebration to the rest of the country. During this time, visit of Tiger’s Nest Monastery (Paro Taktsang), cliff-side monastery offers a scenic trek and incredible views of the autumn landscape. Autumn also coincides with harvest time, allowing visitors to enjoy fresh, organic produce and delicious Bhutanese cuisine.

Winter (December to February)

Winter in Bhutan is crisp and clear, with temperatures dropping across the country, especially at higher altitudes where snowfall is common. While central Bhutan remains mild, remote villages and high mountain passes may be covered in snow. The southern regions experience warmer conditions, making winter ideal for exploring Bhutan’s cultural sites and enjoying nature. During this time, celebrations of Punakha Dromche and Tshechu Festivals are held to honour Bhutan’s religious and cultural traditions.  Similarly, the Black-necked Crane Festival is held in the Phobjikha Valley which marks the arrival of endangered black-necked cranes, which migrate to Bhutan from Tibet in winter. The stunning view from Dochula Pass, a prime spot for panoramic views of the snow-capped Himalayas, is best during the winter’s clear skies.

Spring (March to May)

Spring is Bhutan’s season of bloom, with wildflowers such as rhododendrons painting the hillsides in vibrant colours. The weather is mild and pleasant, making it a favourite time for trekking, outdoor activities, and sightseeing. One of Bhutan’s most scenic fortresses, Punakha Dzong is adorned with violet jacaranda blossoms in spring. Rhododendron Festival, celebrating the blooming of Bhutan’s national flower, includes traditional games, cultural programs, and local arts and crafts. From river rafting to hiking and cycling, spring provides the perfect weather for outdoor exploration.

Best Time to Visit

Whether it's the warm glow of spring, the lush summer landscapes, the vibrant festivals of autumn, or the crisp beauty of winter, Bhutan offers something special for every traveller, every month of the year. With its rich biodiversity, stunning vistas, and welcoming culture, Bhutan truly is an all-year-round destination. Whether you’re planning a cultural journey through the valleys or a trekking adventure in the mountains, Bhutan offers a unique climate for every season and travel style.